MPAs also don’t address climate change or the marine heat waves that many researchers believe are a key factor in recent salmon declines.

Source: https://www.hcn.org/articles/north-fish-will-the-new-u-n-high-seas-treaty-help-protect-pacific-salmon

"The MPAs did not facilitate resistance or recovery across habitats or across communities," Caselle said.

Source: https://phys.org/news/2023-07-multiple-ecosystems-hot-marine-heatwave.html